Stokes Field Guide to Bird Songs, Eastern

by Lang Elliott with Donald and Lillian Stokes, Compact Disc Version

A NatureSound Studio Production

 

List of Dates, Locations, and Sources of Recordings

(species listed by track numbers for each disc in the compact disc version)

For many species, it will be necessary to listen closely to the soundprint while looking at the list of recordings used to make it. Transitions between recordings have been smoothed and it is sometimes difficult to detect the change from one recording to the next. Soundprints were created to give the listener a gestalt impression of each bird's sounds, with the repertoire diversity presented in a manner pleasing to the ear.

This product is not meant to introduce specific regional and dialectic differences among bird populations. However, I have made an attempt to include a variety of sounds (especially songs) for those species where dialectic differences are significant.

In the list below, dates and states are given when available, followed by the name of the recordist or the collection where an archived recording was obtained (BLB = Borror Laboratory of Bioacoustics, and FLMNH = Florida Museum of Natural History). Most of the recordings were made by Lang Elliott and several other individuals.

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DISC 1

 

1. Introduction

 

2. Common Loon

yodel - 5/89, New York (Mack)

wail - 5/89, New York (Mack)

tremelo - 5/89, New York (Mack)

hoot - 9/24/92, Quebec (Elliott)

 

3. Pied-billed Grebe

breeding call male - 6/21/89, New York (Elliott)

chatter call - 6/11/92, North Dakota (Elliott)

duet - 6/11/92, North Dakota (Elliott)

 

4a. Horned Grebe

all recordings 5/26/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

 

4b. Red-necked Grebe

all recordings 5/19/93, North Dakota (Elliott)

 

5a. Eared Grebe

all recordings 6/11/92, North Dakota (Elliott)

 

5b. Western Grebe

all recordings 6/4/92, Nebraska (Elliott)

 

6a. Leach's Storm-Petrel

all recordings 6/28/93, New Brunswick (Elliott)

 

6b. Northern Gannet

all recordings 7/1/89, Quebec (Elliott)

 

7a. American White Pelican

all recordings 6/9/92, North Dakota (Elliott)

 

7b. Double-crested Cormorant

all recordings 6/3/92, Nebraska (Elliott)

 

8. Anhinga

adult chatter - 10/28/84, Florida (FLMNH)

 

9a. American Bittern

breeding call - 5/18/93, North Dakota (Elliott)

flight call - 10/8/89, Alabama (Evans)

 

9b. Least Bittern

primary call - 4/26/89, Florida (Elliott)

second call type - 5/13/88, Florida (Elliott)

 

10. Great Blue Heron

1st croak series - 6/20/89, Quebec (Evans)

2nd croack series - 11/13/88, Virginia (Elliott)

colony sounds - 6/5/90, New York (Elliott)

 

11a. Great Egret

adult croaks - 4/20/89, Florida (Evans)

calls of young - 7/31/88, Virginia (Elliott)

 

11b. Snowy Egret

courtship sounds - 4/8/89, Florida (Evans)

 

12a. Little Blue Heron

croaks - 5/17/94, Florida (Elliott)

 

12b. Tricolored Heron

flight calls - 6/2/94, Florida (Elliott)

 

13. Cattle Egret

colony sounds - 6/6/94, Florida (Elliott)

 

14. Green Heron

skow calls - 5/16/94, Florida (Elliott)

1st skew calls - 5/12/88, Florida (Mack)

2nd skew series - 5/12/88, Florida (Elliott)

cackling notes - 5/11/88, Florida (Elliott)

 

15a. Black-crowned Night-Heron

flight calls - 2/2/89, Louisiana (Elliott)

colony sounds - 6/16/92, Alberta (Elliott)

 

15b. Yellow-crowned Night-Heron

1st series typical calls - 4/23/89, Louisiana (Elliott)

2nd example of typical call - 5/23/88, Missouri (Elliott)

duck-like sounds - 3/11/89, Florida (Elliott)

 

16a. White Ibis

honk - 2/28/89, Louisiana (Elliott)

breeding colony - 4/18/54, Florida (BLB )

 

16b. Wood Stork

colony sounds - 6/14/94, Florida (Mack )

 

17. Black Vulture

young at nest - 6/2/62, Ohio (BLB)

 

18a. Fulvous Whistling Duck

flight call - 4/12/95, Louisiana (Evans)

 

18b. Black-bellied Whistling Duck

flight call - 4/11/95, Louisiana (Evans)

 

19a. Tundra Swan

all recordings 5/4/94, Manitoba (Elliott)

 

19b. Trumpeter Swan

all recordings 6/9/94, Michigan (Mack)

 

20a. Greater White-fronted Goose

all recordings 3/19/94, Nebraska (Elliott)

 

20b. Snow Goose

all recordings 4/3/94, Nebraska (Elliott)

 

21a. Brant

flock flyover - 10/26/89, New York (Mack )

 

21b. Canada Goose

flyover - 4/5/89, Kentucky (Elliott )

large flock - 10/9/88, New York (Elliott)

young sounds and adult hiss/bark - 4/15/92, New York (Elliott)

 

22a. Wood Duck

female call and male whistles - 4/6/93, New York (Elliott)

female tur-weea - 4/12/92, New York (Elliott)

female stutter - 4/15/92, New York (Elliott)

 

22b. Green-winged Teal

male peeps - 5/28/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

female decrescendo - 4/30/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

large group - 3/22/94, Nebraska (Elliott)

 

23. American Black Duck

female quacks - 9/20/89, Quebec (Evans)

 

24a. Mallard

male rhaeb, female decrescendo, female cackling, and male grunt-whistles - 11/12/88, Virginia (Elliott)

single loud male whistles - 10/24/87, New York (Elliott )

female persistent quacks - 4/26/94, Saskatchewan (Elliott)

flight of pair - 4/9/88, New York (Elliott)

 

24b. Northern Pintail

all recordings 4/9/94, North Dakota (Elliott)

 

25a. Blue-winged Teal

male peeps - 6/2/92, Nebraska (Elliott)

chxa of male - 5/5/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

female chucks and flight - 5/4/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

 

25b. Cinnamon Teal

April, Utah (Colver)

 

26. Northern Shoveler

male chux-sa - 5/9/92, Nebraska (Elliott)

flight of male - 4/20/93, Nebraska (Elliott)

female chuk-ka - 4/20/94, Saskatchewan (Elliott)

 

27a. Gadwall

male courtship group - 3/23/94, Nebraska (Mack)

courtship flight sounds - 5/9/92, Nebraska (Elliott)

female quacks - 5/15/93, North Dakota (Elliott)

 

27b. American Wigeon

1st male call series - 5/14/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

2nd male call series - 3/27/94, Nebraska (Elliott)

female quacks - 5/19/93, North Dakota (Elliott)

 

28a. Canvasback

fly-in of female - 4/20/93, Nebraska (Elliott)

courtship group - 4/17/94, North Dakota (Elliott)

 

28b. Redhead

male calls - 4/9/94, North Dakota (Elliott)

female and male calls - 3/17/94, Nebraska (Mack)

 

29a. Ring-necked Duck

female and male sounds - 5/4/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

female flight calls - 6/12/94, Michigan (Mack)

male courtship peeps - 4/11/94, Minnesota (Elliott)

 

29b. Lesser Scaup

1st male courtship call - 4/20/93, Nebraska (Elliott)

male courtship group - 3/23/94, Nebraska (Mack)

female calls - 5/15/93, North Dakota (Elliott)

 

30a. Common Eider

male calls - 6/25/96, Manitoba (BLB)

 

30b. Oldsquaw

all recordings 6/6/94, Alaska (BLB)

 

31. Common Goldeneye

male courtship - 4/5/94, North Dakota (Elliott)

fly-by #1 - 3/23/94, Nebraska (Mack)

fly-by #2 - 5/5/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

fly-by #3 at end - 5/30/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

 

32. Bufflehead

courtship group - 3/19/94, Nebraska (Elliott)

 

33a. Hooded Merganser

male courtship sounds - 4/15/92, New York (Elliott)

female quacks - 6/11/94, Michigan (Mack)

 

33b. Common Merganser

male courtship - 4/30/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

female quacks - 9/24/92, Ontario (Elliott)

 

34. Ruddy Duck

male sputters - 5/31/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

 

35. Osprey

chirps and guttural calls - 3/24/89, Florida (Elliott)

squealing whistles - no data (Elliott)

 

36. Swallow-tailed Kite

primary call - 6/2/94, Florida (Elliott)

courtship sounds - Florida (Myer)

 

37a. Snail Kite

all recordings 4/87 and 5/87, Florida (FLMNH)

 

37b. Mississippi Kite

first two calls - 7/2/88, Florida (FLMNH)

3rd call - 5/28/94, Oklahoma (Elliott)

courtship feeding - 8/5/88, Florida (FLMNH)

 

38. Bald Eagle

chirp alarm calls - 5/19/88, Kentucky (Elliott)

gull-like squeals - 7/6/89, Michigan (BLB)

 

39. Northern Harrier

all recordings 6/16/89, New York (Elliott)

 

40. Sharp-shinned Hawk

primary call - 7/18/94, Quebec (Mack)

 

41a. Cooper's Hawk

kek alarm - 5/12/93, North Dakota (Elliott)

female eeyah - 5/11/93, North Dakota (Elliott)

 

41b. Northern Goshawk

adult call - 6/9/95, New York (Elliott)

immature call - 6/15/87, New York (Elliott)

 

42. Red-shouldered Hawk

primary call - 3/20/89, Florida (Elliott)

flight calls - 5/2/91, Kentucky (Elliott)

 

43. Broad-winged Hawk

typical calls - 7/11/95, New York (Elliott)

 

44. Swainson's Hawk

typical calls - 6/15/92, Alberta (Elliott

 

45a. Red-tailed Hawk

typical calls 1st example - 7/22/90, New York (Elliott)

typical calls 2nd example - 6/2/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

klooeek calls - 7/7/65, Oregon (BLB)

 

45b. Ferruginous Hawk

all recordings 6/16/92, Alberta (Elliott )

 

46a. Golden Eagle

June, Utah (Colver; captive bird)

 

46b. Crested Caracara

rattles - 5/5/94, Florida (Elliott)

croaks and flight - 5/6/94, Florida (Elliott)

 

47a. American Kestrel

typical calls - 5/2/91, Kentucky (Elliott)

begging young - 9/15/92, New York (Elliott; captive bird)

 

47b. Merlin

all recordings 6/16/92, Alberta (Elliott)

 

48. Peregrine Falcon

typical calls - 6/19/87, Greenland (BLB)

calls at nest - June, Utah (Colver)

 

49. Plain Chacalaca

all recordings 6/18/70, Texas (BLB)

 

50. Ring-necked Pheasant

male breeding call - 3/23/94, Nebraska (Mack)

flight calling - 3/19/94, Nebraska (Elliott)

calls from ground (game farm) - 10/9/89, Pennsylvania (Elliott)

 

51a. Ruffed Grouse

drumming - 5/27/89, New York (Elliott)

alarm quits - 4/22/90, New York (Elliott)

female squeals - 6/9/95, New York (Elliott)

 

51b. Spruce Grouse

flight/thump/swish - 4/28/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

female alarm - 7/18/94, Quebec (Mack)

 

52a. Greater Prairie Chicken

lek sounds - 4/22/93, Nebraska (Elliott)

 

52b. Lesser Prairie Chicken

all recordings 4/16/94, Colorado (Mack)

 

53. Sharp-tailed Grouse

lek sounds - 5/9/93, North Dakota (Elliott)

flight cackle - 4/21/93, Nebraska (Elliott)

 

54. Wild Turkey

coming off roost - 4/25/93, Nebraska (Elliott)

female alarm calls - 6/6/91, New York (Elliott)

 

55. Northern Bobwhite

male song - 5/26/88, Illinois (Elliott)

other sounds - 5/12/90, New York (Elliott)

 

56a. Yellow Rail

breeding call - 5/21/93, Minnesota (Elliott)

 

56b. Black Rail

ki-ki-kerrr - 6/19/88, Maryland (Elliot)

chatter and growl - 7/18/93, Florida (BLB)

 

57a. Clapper Rail

chit-series and outburst - 6/14/90, Virginia (Elliott)

kicker call - 4/89, Florida (Evans)

 

57b. King Rail

typical call series - 3/2/89, Louisiana (Elliott)

outburst - 6/15/90, Virginia (Elliott)

kicker call - 7/27/68, Ohio (BLB)

 

58. Virginia Rail

male territorial call - 6/5/93, North Dakota (Elliott)

grunting of pair - 6/13/89, New York (Elliott)

kicker call - no data (Reynard)

 

59. Sora

kerwee example 1 - 5/22/89, New York (Elliott)

kerwee example 2 - 5/31/96, Minnesota (Elliott)

whinny call - 5/17/93, North Dakota (Elliott)

keek alarm - 6/18/66, Ohio (BLB)

 

60a. Purple Gallinule

clucking call series - 5/17/94, Florida (Mack)

kik calls - 5/8/88, Florida (Elliott)

 

60b. Common Moorhen

whinny-like outbursts - 5/6/88, Florida (Elliott)

henlike clucks - 3/1/89, Louisiana (Mack)

 

61. American Coot

various calls - 4/10/94, North Dakota (Elliott)

more calls (last two recordings) - 6/11/92, North Dakota (Elliott)

 

62. Limpkin

kreeow 1st series - 3/29/89, Florida (Elliott)

kreeow 2nd series - 3/25/89, Florida (Elliott)

other calls - 3/24/89, Florida (Elliott)

 

63a. Sandhill Crane

pair in flight - 5/30/88, Michigan (Elliott)

unison calls of pair - 5/10/92, Georgia (Elliott)

 

63b. Whooping Crane

typical calls - 4/95 Texas (Evans)

 

64a. Black-bellied Plover

first five calls - no data (Gunn)

last two calls - 4/89, Florida (Evans)

 

64b. American Golden-Plover

first call series - no data (Gunn)

last call series - 4/95, Texas (Evans)

 

65a. Snowy Plover

all recordings 5/24/94, Kansas (Elliott)

 

65b. Wilson's Plover

1st call series - 6/14/70, Texas (BLB)

2nd call series - 5/20/85, Texas (FLMNH)

 

66a. Semipalmated Plover

1st three calls - no data (Gunn)

all other calls - 4/23/89, Florida (Evans)

 

66b. Piping Plover

all recordings 5/14/93 and 5/15/93, North Dakota (Elliott)

 

67. Killdeer

courtship flight - 4/23/89, Florida (Evans)

ki-dee-dee - 5/15/93, North Dakota (Elliott)

deet, deet - 4/30/91, Kentucky (Elliott)

flight calls - 4/21/89, Louisiana (Elliott)

stutter calls - 6/2/92, Nebraska (Elliott)

 

68. American Oystercatcher

1st four calls - 6/13/94, Virginia (Elliott)

next six calls - 6/12/90, Virginia (Elliott)

outburst at end - 6/13/90, Virginia (Elliott)

 

69a. Black-necked Stilt

1st call series - 4/21/89, Louisiana (Elliott)

2nd call series - 5/13/88, Florida (Elliott)

courtship group - 5/24/94, Kansas (Elliott)

 

69b. American Avocet

slow weets - 5/24/94, Kansas (Elliott)

rapid weets - 6/9/92, North Dakota (Elliott)

rapid calling of courting bird - 4/20/93, Nebraska(Elliott)

 

70a. Greater Yellowlegs

tee-tee-tew call series - 4/30/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

courtship call - 4/23/89, Florida (Evans)

 

70b. Lesser Yellowlegs

tu-tu calls - no data (Gunn)

series of single notes - 4/23/89, Florida (Evans)

 

71. Solitary Sandpiper

1st call series - 4/20/89, Louisiana (Elliott)

2nd call series - 4/28/94, Florida (Elliott)

pit notes and calls at end - 8/11/90, New York (Elliott)

 

72. Willet

flight song - 6/19/88, Virginia (Elliott)

1st kip series - 5/4/91, New York (Elliott)

2nd kip series - 6/13/90, Virginia (Elliott)

nasal calls at end - 4/24/89, Florida (Elliott)

 

73. Spotted Sandpiper

1st call series - 6/27/94, Maine (Elliott)

2nd call series - 5/27/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

1st courtship call series - 6/9/94, Michigan (Mack)

2nd courtship call series - 5/27/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

scrapes at end - 5/28/90, New York (Elliott)

 

74. Upland Sandpiper

1st flight song - 6/2/92, Nebraska (Elliott)

2nd flight song - 5/28/90, New York (Elliott)

two flight alarm calls - 6/2/92, Nebraska (Elliott)

alarm chatter at end - 7/7/89, New York (Evans)

 

75a. Whimbrel

recordings 7/16/94, Newfoundland (Elliott)

 

75b. Long-billed Curlew

1st seven calls - 6/26/71, Utah (BLB)

8th and 9th calls - 4/21/93, Nebraska (Elliott)

flight alarm - 6/4/92, Nebraska (Elliott)

flight song at end - 4/21/93, Nebraska (Elliott)

 

76a. Hudsonian Godwit

all recordings - 5/90, Kansas (Evans)

 

76b. Marbled Godwit

1st series of calls - 5/16/93, North Dakota (Elliott)

2nd series of calls - 5/13/93, North Dakota (Elliott)

eradica calls - 6/15/92, Alberta (Elliott)

 

77a. Ruddy Turnstone

most calls - 8/26/55, Maine (BLB)

call series at end - 6/6/94, Alaska (BLB)

 

77b. Sanderling

all recordings - 3/17/69, Florida (BLB)

 

78a. Semipalmated Plover

1st six calls - 8/23/58, Maine (BLB)

calls 7-9 - 4/89, Florida (Evans)

calls 10-11 - 8/23/58, Maine (BLB)

rapid calling at end - 6/6/94, Alaska (BLB )

 

78b. Western Sandpiper

recordings - 4/89, Florida (Evans)

 

79a. Least Sandpiper

1st seven calls - 6/23/58, Ohio (BLB)

2nd call series - 4/89, Florida (Evans)

calls of group at end - 4/89, Florida (Evans)

 

79b. White-rumped Sandpiper

all recordings 5/24/94, Kansas (Elliott)

 

80a. Pectoral Sandpiper

1st call series - 5/90, Kansas (Evans)

rest of calls - 9/23/56, Ohio (BLB)

 

80b. Dunlin

1st three calls - 4/89, Florida (Evans)

2nd series cheezp calls - no data (Evans)

courtship twittering at end - 5/10/78, Ohio (BLB)

 

81. Stilt Sandpiper

recordings 4/89, Florida (Evans)

 

82a. Short-billed Dowticher

tu-tu-tu calls - no data (Gunn)

group sounds at end - 6/17/90, Maryland (Elliott)

 

82b. Long-billed Dowticher

most calls - 4/15/62, Texas (BLB)

flight calls at end - 5/90, Kansas (Evans)

 

83. Common Snipe

flight display - 6/17/89, New York (Elliott)

grinding call - 5/89, New York (Mack)

wheet call series - 4/28/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

raspy scaip calls - 3/2/89, Louisiana (Elliott)

 

84. American Woodcock

peent closeups - 3/14/90, New York (Elliott)

flight display - 4/11/88, New York (Elliott)

rattling chatter - 4/22/90, New York (Elliott)

 

85. Wilson's Phalarope

all recordings 5/24/94, Kansas (Elliott)

 

86. Laughing Gull

laughing outburst - 3/2/89, Louisiana (Elliott)

calling back-n-forth - 4/24/89, Florida (Elliott)

ga-ga-ga alarm - 8/1/88, Virginia (Elliott)

immature squeals - 8/2/88, Virginia (Elliott)

 

87. Franklin's Gull

1st call series - 5/21/93, Minnesota (Elliott)

2nd call series - 4/27/93, North Dakota (Elliott)

 

88. Bonaparte's Gull

recordings - 9/87, Minnesota (Evans)

 

89. Ring-billed Gull

all recordings 4/30/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

 

90a. Herring Gull

keeyers - 7/1/88, Maine (Elliott)

outbursts - 7/2/88, Maine (Elliott)

whines - 6/31/89, Quebec (Elliott)

ga-ga-ga alarm - 7/1/88, Maine (Elliott)

 

90b. Great Black-backed Gull

calls and outburst - 7/3/94, Maine (Elliott)

alarm calls - 7/1/88, Maine (Elliott)

 

91a. Black-legged Kittiwake

all recordings 7/1/89, Quebec (Elliott)

 

91b. Gull-billed Tern

all recordings 6/13/94, Virginia (Elliott)

 

92a. Caspian Tern

calls at colony - 6/14/94, Virginia (Elliott)

night recording adult and immature - no data (Evans)

 

92b. Royal Tern

calls of adults - 4/24/89, Florida (Elliott)

calls of immatures - 6/9/94, Florida (Mack)

 

93a. Sandwich Tern

all recordings 5/3/92, Florida (Elliott)

 

93b. Roseate Tern

all recordings 6/28/93, Maine (Elliott)

 

94a. Common Tern

all recordings 6/25/94, Maine (Elliott)

 

94b. Arctic Tern

all recordings 6/30/94, Maine (Elliott )

 

95a. Forster's Tern

3 calls at beginning - 5/4/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

other recordings at colony - 6/14/94, Virginia (Elliott)

 

95b. Least Tern

all recordings 6/18/90, New York (Elliott)

 

96a. Sooty Tern

recordings 4/16/89, Dry Tortugas (Evans)

 

96b. Brown Noddy

recordings 4/16/89, Dry Tortugas (Evans)

 

97a. Black Tern

most of recordings - 6/12/94, Michigan (Mack)

call series at end - 5/31/88, Michigan (Elliott)

 

97b. Black Skimmer

all recordings 6/14/94, Virginia (Elliott)

 

98a. Common Murre

1st recording - 6/28/93, New Brunswick (Elliott)

2nd recording - 7/21/94, Newfoundland (Elliott)

 

98b. Black Guillemot

all recordings 6/25/94, Maine (Elliott)

 

99. Atlantic Puffin

all recordings 7/21/94, Newfoundland (Elliott)

 

DISC 2

 

1. Rock Dove

all recordings 4/28/88, New York (Elliott)

 

2a. Eurasian Collared Dove

recordings 5/2/94, Florida (Mack)

 

2b. White-winged Dove

no data (Benson)

 

3. Mourning Dove

cooing at beginning - 8/11/90, New York (Elliott)

coo followed by flight - 4/22/93, Nebraska (Elliott)

 

4a. Common Ground Dove

1st coo series - 5/8/94, Florida (Mack)

2nd coo series - 4/26/96, Florida (Elliott)

 

4b. White-tipped Dove

recording 2/25/94, Costa Rica (BLB)

 

5. Black-billed Cuckoo

1st coo series - New York (Mack

2nd coo series - 6/25/92, New York (Elliott)

croaking outburst - 6/90, New York (Evans)

calls at end - 6/25/92, New York (Elliott)

 

6. Yellow-billed Cuckoo

1st recording - 4/29/92, Florida (Elliott)

2nd recording - 5/3/92, Florida (Elliott)

two staccato outbursts - 7/8/89, North Carolina (Elliott)

last staccato outburst - 4/29/92, Florida (Elliott)

 

7. Mangrove Cuckoo

5/12/94, Florida (Mack)

 

8a. Smooth-billed Ani

3/12/89, Florida (Elliott)

 

8b. Groove-billed Ani

1st call series - no data (Benson)

2nd call series - 4/95, Texas (Evans)

 

9. Barn Owl

screeches and hisses - 7/19/92, Connecticutt (Elliott)

tinkling twitter - 4/95, Texas (Evans)

 

10. Eastern Screech-Owl

whinny calls with trills - 9/15/90, New York (Elliott)

two trills at end - 4/1/89, South Carolina (Elliott)

 

11. Great Horned Owl

hoot series - 5/3/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

1st two immature calls - 4/20/89, Arkansas (Elliott)

next two imm. calls - 3/22/89, Florida (Elliott)

rest of imm. calls with billsnaps - 8/29/90, New York (Elliott)

adult growls - 3/22/89, Florida (Elliott)

 

12. Northern Hawk-Owl

10/13/88, Alberta (Karvonen Films)

 

13. Burrowing Owl

cooing - 5/24/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

alarm chatter - 6/3/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

 

14. Barred Owl

classic hoots - 5/7/94, Florida (Elliott)

two hoo-aws - 4/23/89, Louisiana (Elliott)

ascending hoot series - 3/25/89, Florida (Elliott)

pair hootin'-it-up - 4/19/89, Florida (Evans)

screeches of young - 8/14/91, New York (Elliott)

 

15. Great Gray Owl

deep hoots (two series') - Manitoba (Taylor)

agitated hooting (one series) - 4/28/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

female raspy churrs - 6/1/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

female g-wuk and young sounds - 6/14/93, Minnesota (Elliott)

 

16. Long-eared Owl

male hoots - 3/10/90, New York (Elliott)

female hoots - 3/22/92, New York (Elliott)

alarm sounds - 6/14/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

 

17. Short-eared Owl

winter calls (four) - 3/1/92, New York (Elliott)

kak outbursts and distraction squeals - 6/7/93, North Dakota(Elliott)

distress whistles - 4/90, Louisiana (Evans)

 

18. Boreal Owl

3/15/94, Minnesota (Elliott)

 

19. Northern Saw-whet Owl

1st toot series - 3/11/88, New York (Elliott)

autumn toot series and calls - 9/26/92, Ontario (Elliott)

 

20. Lesser Nighthawk

no data (Benson)

 

21a. Common Nighthawk

peents and booms - 5/2/89, Georgia (Elliott)

croaks - June, New York (Mack)

 

21b. Antillean Nighthawk

5/2/94, Florida (Mack)

 

22. Pauraque

4/94, Texas (Evans)

 

23. Common Poorwill

5/13/93, North Dakota (Elliott)

 

24. Whip-poor-will

1st song series - 5/3/88, Virginia (Elliott)

2nd song series - 5/22/88, Missouri (Elliott)

3rd song series and croaks - 5/88, Illinois (Mack)

chucks - 5/3/88, Virginia (Elliott)

 

25. Chuck-will's Widow

songs, wing claps and croaks - 5/11/88, Florida (Elliott)

final croak series - 5/8/88, Florida (Elliott)

 

26. Chimney Swift

courtship flight chips - 5/5/88, Florida (Mack)

chitter calls - 8/13/89, New York (Elliott)

 

27. Ruby-throated Hummingbird

chits, chatter and wing-rustle - 4/26/89, Florida (Elliott)

pendulum arc display - 4/28/92, Florida (Elliott)

 

28. Belted Kingfisher

all recordings 6/25/89, New York (Elliott)

 

29. Red-headed Woodpecker

churrs, soft drums, harsh calls - 4/13/89, Missouri (Elliott)

two high churrs - 5/5/88, Florida (Elliott)

churrs and loud drums - 4/13/89, Missouri (Elliott)

rattle calls - 4/15/89, Missouri (Elliott)

 

30. Red-bellied Woodpecker

churr series - 5/6/88, Florida (Elliott)

chi calls - 3/15/89, Florida (Elliott)

chi outbursts (two) - 3/18/89, Florida (Elliott)

interaction calls - 5/6/88, Florida (Elliott)

1st call and drum - 5/2/91, Kentucky (Elliott)

2nd call and drum - 4/20/89, Arkansas (Elliott)

 

31. Yellow-bellied Sapsucker

drumming - 4/13/88, New York (Elliott)

calls at nest - 7/93, New York (Elliott)

wik series and flight rattle - 6/19/89, New York (Elliott)

hawklike calls - 4/22/90, New York (Elliott )

 

32. Downy Woodpecker

pik calls (two series') - 5/17/88, Kentucky (Elliott)

1st whinny - 9/89, New York (Evans)

2nd whinny - 5/3/75, Ohio (BLB )

raspy rattles (two) - 3/21/88, New York (Elliott)

soft churrs and pik calls - 5/17/88, Kentucky (Elliott)

drums example 1 - 3/21/88, New York (Elliott)

drums example 2 - 4/2/88, New York (Elliott)

 

33. Hairy Woodpecker

calls at nest - 6/11/92, Michigan (Mack)

sputters - 6/20/89, New York (Elliott)

1st drum - 7/4/94, New York (Mack)

2nd drum - 6/89, New York (Mack)

wika-wika - 3/13/89, New York (Evans)

tew-tew-tew - 5/2/87, New York (Elliott)

 

34. Red-cockaded Woodpecker

nearly all recordings - 4/29/89, Florida (Elliott)

drums and calls at end - 5/2/92, Florida (Elliot)

 

35a. Three-toed Woodpecker

5/28/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

 

35b. Black-backed Woodpecker

calls and flight rattle - 6/6/89, New York (Mack)

drums - 5/30/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

 

36. Northern Flicker

territorial call - 5/2/87, New York (Elliott)

calls and drum - 5/31/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

2nd drum - 5/13/93, North Dakota (Elliott)

two peoughs - 4/7/88, New York (Elliott)

third peough - 6/12/89, New York (Elliott)

interaction calls - 5/89, New York (Mack)

 

37. Pileated Woodpecker

short calls, long call and flight call - 5/9/94, Georgia (Elliott)

g-waik sereies - 4/18/88, New York (Elliott)

drum #1 - 4/26/92, Tennessee (Elliott)

drum #2 - 4/25/87, New York (Elliott)

begging young - 5/9/94, Georgia (Elliott)

 

38.Olive-sided Flycatcher

songs - 6/89, New York (Mack)

calls - 6/9/90, New York (Elliott)

 

39. Eastern Wood-Pewee

typical songs - 5/15/88, Florida (Elliott)

dawnsong - 6/26/92, New York (Elliott)

puree and other calls - 8/4/90, Michigan (Elliott)

call recording at end - 7/1/89, New York (Evans)

 

40. Yellow-bellied Flycatcher

songs - 5/89, New York (Elliott, Mack)

turwee calls - 5/89, New York (Mack)

 

41. Acadian Flycatcher

songs and twitter - 5/18/89, Kentucky (Elliott)

two peet calls - 4/25/89, Florida (Elliott)

dawnsong 1st example - 5/1/92, Florida (Elliott)

dawnsong 2nd example - 4/30/92, Florida (Elliott)

 

42. Alder Flycatcher

7 typical songs - 6/24/89, New York (Elliott)

short outburst of calls - 6/4/94, Minnesota (Mack)

song and rrreeoo calls - 6/9/95, New York (Elliott)

peet calls - 7/22/90, New York (Elliott)

slurred peeyoo calls - 6/29/94, Minnesota (Mack)

 

43. Willow Flycatcher

song series - 7/7/92, New York (Elliott)

wit calls - 8/1/89, New York (Evans)

 

44. Least Flycatcher

songs - 5/23/92, New York (Elliott)

interaction twitters and songs - 5/13/91, New York (Elliott)

wit calls followed by interaction calls - 5/28/92, New York(Elliott)

interaction recording at end - 7/13/90, New York (Elliott)

 

45a. Eastern Phoebe

song - 4/5/89, Tennessee (Elliott)

chips - 4/4/89, North Carolina (Elliott)

courtship calls - 3/26/88, New York (Elliott)

 

45b. Say's Phoebe

6/7/92, North Dakota (Elliott D39)

 

46. Great-crested Flycatcher

dawnsong - 5/1/89, Georgia (Elliott)

1st outburst - 6/10/88, New York (Elliott)

two outbursts at end involving two birds - 4/28/89, Florida(Elliott)

 

47a. Great Kiskadee

3/22/70, Texas (BLB)

 

47b. Couch's Kingbird

no data (Benson)

 

48. Western Kingbird

dawnsong with outburst - 6/3/92, Nebraska (Elliott)

interaction calls - 6/15/92, Alberta (Elliott)

 

49. Eastern Kingbird

calls then dawnsong - 8/7/92, New York (Elliott)

kitter call outburst - 6/19/89, New York (Elliott)

calls and sounds of young - 7/19/90, New York (Elliott)

 

50a. Gray Kingbird

6/15/94, Florida (Mack)

 

50b. Scissor-tailed Flycatcher

10/89, Oklahoma (Evans)

 

51. Loggerhead Shrike

song sequence - 4/12/652, Texas (BLB)

two trilled notes and rest of sounds - 6/2/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

 

52. White-eyed Vireo

1st four songs - 3/24/89, Florida (Elliott)

songs 5 and 6 - 3/15/89, Florida (Elliott)

chit series - 5/7/92, Georgia (Elliot)

two nasal notes and song - 5/12/88, Florida (Elliott)

alarm series #1 - 7/20/92, Oklahoma (Grzybowski)

alarm series #2 - 6/8/87, Ohios (BLB)

 

53. Bell's Vireo

song - 6/2/92, Nebraska (Elliott)

alarm calls and song - 6/18/93, Missouri (Elliott)

 

54. Black-capped Vireo

song series - 6/9/73, Oklahoma (BLB)

harsh alarm - 5/28/90, Texas (Grzybowski)

kinglet calls - 7/92, Oklahoma (Grzybowski)

 

55. Solitary Vireo

song followed by two calls - 5/89, New York (Mack)

soft chu-wee and chatter - June, New York (Mack)

next alarm chatter - 8/18/90, New York (Evans)

final alarm chatter - 8/15/92, New York (Elliott)

 

56. Yellow-throated Vireo

song - 5/18/88, Kentucky (Elliott)

calls - 5/14/88, Florida (Elliott)

 

57. Warbling Vireo

songs followed by interaction calls - 6/6/93, North Dakota (Elliott)

two loud nasal calls - 6/4/92, Nebraska (Elliott)

chits and eeeahs - 5/28/81, Ohio (BLB)

 

58. Philadelphia Vireo

5/7/88, Ohio (BLB #16890)

 

59a. Red-eyed Vireo

song - 6/8/90, New York (Elliott)

calls example 1 - 7/22/90, New York (Elliott)

calls example 2 - 5/23/92, New York (Elliott)

calls example 3 - 8/4/91, New York (Elliott)

 

59b. Black-whiskered Vireo

5/8/94, Florida (Mack T16)

 

60. Gray Jay

1st recording - 6/19/89, New York (Elliott)

2nd recording - 6/12/89, New York (Elliott)

3rd recording - 6/6/89, New York (Mack)

chattering calls - 5/29/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

Blue Jay imitation - 9/25/92, Ontario (Elliott)

 

61a. Blue Jay

recording 1 - 3/1/89, Florida (Elliott)

recording 2 - 8/26/90, New York (Elliott)

recording 3 - 6/6/87, New York (Elliott)

recording 4 - 3/13/89, Florida (Elliott)

recording 5 - 5/89, New York (Mack)

recording 6 - 4/18/88, New York (Elliott)

recording 7 - 3/16/89, Florida (Elliott)

recording 8 - 9/13/87, New York (Elliott)

recording 9 - 6/20/87, New York (Elliott)

recording 10 - 4/2/89, South Carolina (Elliott)

recording 11 - 4/11/89, Arkansas (Elliott)

1st hawk imitation - 6/20/99, New York (Elliot)

2nd hawk imitation - 9/13/87, New York (Elliott)

 

61b. Green Jay

1st recording - 3/24/70, Texas (BLB)

2nd recording - 3/21/70, Texas (BLB)

3rd recording - 1985, Texas (Dawson)

 

62. Florida Scrub Jay

1st recording - 3/7/89, Florida (Elliott)

2nd recording - 3/24/89, Florida (Elliott)

last recording of female hiccups - Florida (Woolfenden)

 

63. American Crow

1st recording - 3/18/89, Florida (Elliott)

2nd recording - 6/7/91, New York (Elliott)

3rd recording - 5/18/89, New York (Elliott)

4th recording (mobbing calls) - 3/18/89, Florida (Elliott)

5th and 6th recordings of immatures - 3/13/89, Florida(Elliott)

7th recording (1st rattle) - 2/14/92, New York (Elliott)

8th recording (2nd rattle) - 6/13/89, New York (Elliott)

9th and 10th recordings (krackow and bell tones) - 3/13/89, Florida(Elliot)

 

64. Fish Crow

1st and 2nd recordings - 5/12/88, Florida (Elliott)

3rd recording (group) - 3/31/89, South Carolina (Elliott)

last recording (immatures) - 4/26/89, Florida (Elliott)

 

65a. Common Raven

1st recording - 6/14/89, New York (Elliott)

2nd recording (immature) - 6/1/88, Michigan (Elliott)

loud croaks, etc. - 5/31/88, Michigan (Elliott)

popping series - 6/14/89, New York (Elliott)

four honks and calls at very end - 6/6/89, New York (Elliott)

 

65b. Black-billed Magpie

most recordings - 6/16/92, Manitoba (Elliott)

mobbing calls - 5/2/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

 

66. Horned Lark

short songs - 6/18/90, New York (Elliott)

long song - 6/15/92, Alberta (Elliott)

1st call series - 2/28/87, New York (Elliott)

2nd call series - 2/20/93, New York (Elliott)

 

67. Purple Martin

calls and perched songs - 4/30/89, Florida (Elliott)

perched dawnsong - 6/1/78, Maryland (Morton)

flight dawnsong - 5/13/93, North Dakota (Elliot)

 

68. Tree Swallow

typical songs - 5/10/93, North Dakota (Elliott)

dawnsong - 5/30/89, New York (Elliott)

call series 1 - 6/4/92, Nebraska (Elliott)

call series 2 - 4/22/90, New York (Elliott)

 

69. Northern Rough-winged Swallow

5/7/69, Ohio (BLB #10008)

 

69b. Bank Swallow

1st recording - 5/10/93, North Dakota (Elliott)

2nd recording - 7/4/94, New York (Mack)

 

70. Cliff Swallow

songs and churrs - 7/3/88, Maine (Elliott)

nyew calls - 5/21/93, Minnesota (Elliott)

 

71. Barn Swallow

typical song series - 7/30/89, New York (Elliott)

dawnsong - 5/25/95, Oklahoma (Elliott)

chideep calls - 7/3/89, Maine (Elliott)

chit calls - 6/20/87, New York (Elliott)

begging young - 7/3/89, Maine (Elliott

 

72. Black-capped Chickadee

song - 3/13/90, New York (Elliott)

1st two calls - 6/13/89, New York (Elliott)

third call - 4/9/88, New York (Elliott)

tseet calls - 3/13/88, New York (Elliott4)

3 gargles and high outburst - 8/22/89, New York (Elliott)

next gargle - 7/21/90, New York (Elliott)

next gargle - 3/17/91, New York (Elliott)

two garbles and outburst at end - 8/22/89, New York (Elliott)

 

73. Carolina Chickadee

1st three songs - 4/4/89, North Carolina (Elliott)

next two songs - 4/13/89, Missouri (Elliott)

three calls - 4/20/89, Arkansas (Elliott)

1st two gargles - 4/13/89, Missouri (Elliott)

next two calls - 4/4/89, North Carolina (Elliott)

tseets and garbles at end - 4/18/73, Ohio (BLB)

 

74. Boreal Chickadee

1st two calls - 5/89, New York (Mack)

next two calls - 6/2/89, New York (Elliott)

interaction calls - 9/25/88, New York (Elliott)

two gargles and outburst - 5/89, New York (Mack)

 

75. Tufted Titmouse

countersinging with song switch - 4/5/89, Tennessee (Elliott)

next two song examples - 3/19/88, New York (Elliott)

rapid song - 5/21/88, Missouri (Elliott)

keep-her song and tseets - 4/10/88, New York (Elliott)

jway-jway - 4/20/89, Arkansas (Elliott)

tsick-a-saysay - 3/15/89, Florida (Elliott)

tsick-a-jway - 4/7/88, New York (Elliott)

high seee notes - 3/24/89, Florida (Elliott)

 

76. Red-breasted Nuthatch

1st call series - 4/2/88, New York (Elliott)

rapid calling - 5/23/89, New York (Elliott)

slow calling - 4/2/88, New York (Elliott)

chits and nyeh calls - 12/8/91, New York (Elliott)

 

77. White-breasted Nuthatch

songs and 1st call series - 2/2/88, New York (Elliott)

2nd call series - 2/90, New York (Elliott)

iks and tapping - 3/31/90, New York (Elliott)

iks at end - 11/24/89, New York (Elliott)

 

78. Brown-headed Nuthatch

all recordings - 5/1/92, Florida (Elliott)

 

79. Brown Creeper

1st three songs - 4/9/91, New York (Elliott)

songs with calls - 6/12/88, New York (Elliott)

high chips at end - 4/9/91, New York (Elliott)

 

80a. Rock Wren

songs - 6/6/92, North Dakota (Elliott)

 

80b. Canyon Wren

1st two songs - May, Utah (Colver)

last two songs - 5/25/94, Oklahoma (Elliott)

 

81. Carolina Wren

1st two songs - 4/28/89, Florida (Elliott)

3rd song - 3/21/89, Florida (Elliott)

4th song - 5/14/88, Florida (Elliott)

5th song - 5/5/88, Florida (Elliott)

four cheers - 9/1/91, New York (Elliott)

six ti-dinks - 7/8/89, Virginia (Elliott)

three paired dits - 11/10/91, New York (Elliott)

three rapid dit series' - 9/1/91, New York (Elliott)

two rapid dit series' and raspy scold - 4/30/91, Kentucky (Elliott)

scold calls at end - 7/8/89, Virginia (Elliott)

 

82. Bewick's Wren

all recordings 5/28/95, Oklahoma (Elliott)

 

83. House Wren

songs - 7/12/92, New York (Elliott)

series of chits - 6/17/90, Delaware (Elliot)

chits and short rattles - 7/30/89, New York (Elliott)

rest of rattles and scold calls - 7/21/90, New York (Elliott)

 

84. Winter Wren

songs - 6/21/89, New York (Elliott)

1st call series - 8/5/57, Maine (BLB)

last call series - 10/19/91, New York (Elliott)

 

85. Sedge Wren

song series - 6/10/92, North Dakota (Elliott)

calls - 5/21/93, Minnesota (Elliott)

 

86. Marsh Wren

song and calls - 6/17/90, Delaware (Elliott)

87. Golden-crowned Kinglet

songs - 6/2/89, New York (Elliott)

1st call series - 6/30/89, Quebec (Elliott)

2nd call series - 9/23/90, New York (Elliott)

last call series - 4/7/91, New York (Elliott)

 

88. Ruby-crowned Kinglet

1st two songs - 7/3/89, Quebec (Elliott)

3rd song - 6/29/89, Quebec (Elliott)

chirrup call series - 7/3/89, Quebec (Elliott)

jidits - 9/23/90, New York (Elliott)

 

89. Blue-gray Gnatcatcher

1st call series - 5/28/95, Oklahoma (Elliott)

2nd call series - 5/12/92, Virginia (Elliott)

song - 5/17/63, Ohio (BLB)

 

90. Eastern Bluebird

song - 5/17/88, Kentucky (Elliott)

1st two turalees - 10/7/92, New York (Elliott)

next two turalees - 10/12/89, Oklahoma (Evans)

chit alarm calls - 5/2/91, Kentucky (Elliott)

 

91. Veery

1st three songs - 6/26/92, New York (Elliott)

two songs and two calls - 6/25/87, New York (Elliott)

next single call - 5/18/90, New York (Elliott)

next two calls - 6/11/88, New York (Elliott)

last two calls - 6/23/91, New York (Elliott)

 

92a. Gray-cheeked Thrush

song and calls - 5/20/77, Ohio (BLB )

 

92b. Bicknell's Thrush

1st three songs - 6/29/89, Quebec (Elliott)

next two songs - 6/22/89, New York (Elliott)

calls - 6/19/89, New York (Elliott)

 

93. Swainson's Thrush

songs - 6/3/88, Ontario (Elliott)

1st two pips - 5/2/91, Kentucky (Elliott)

next three pips nad whip-purrs - 6/9/90, New York (Elliott)

wheets at end - 7/15/94, Quebec (Mack)

 

94. Hermit Thrush

songs - 6/5/89, New York (Elliott)

churts and veees - 6/16/89, New York (Elliott)

1st three waays - 10/6/92, New York (Elliott)

last two waays - 6/3/89, New York (Elliott)

 

95. Wood Thrush

songs - 6/26/92, New York (Elliott)

1st two wit volleys - 5/15/91, New York (Elliott)

next three wit volleys - 4/17/89, Arkansas (Elliott)

tut volleys and zeees - 5/29/92, New York (Elliott)

 

96. American Robin

normal song - 4/13/88, New York (Elliott)

excited song - 6/12/88, New York (Elliott)

two whinnies - 4/2/88, New York (Elliott)

peek and tut calls - 6/8/89, New York (Elliott)

high seee calls - 8/3/90, Michigan (Elliott)

zeeeups - 3/12/88, New York (Elliott)

 

97. Gray Catbird

song - 6/2/90, New York (Elliott)

two typical mew calls - 7/89, New York (Evans)

three high mews - 5/25/90, New York (Elliott)

kwut series - 7/18/87, New York (Elliott)

1st ratchet call - 7/11/90, New York (Elliott)

2nd ratchet call - 6/24/91, New York (Elliott)

 

98. Northern Mockingbird

song - 5/1/88, New York (Elliott)

chjjj calls - 7/19/92, Connecticut (Elliott)

chewk calls - 3/15/89, Florida (Elliott)

 

99a. Brown Thrasher

song - 4/2/89, South Carolina (Elliott)

tee-yoos and smacks - 6/18/66, Ohio (BLB)

chjjj's and double-smack - 4/20/89, Arkansas (Elliott)

seven chjjj's at end - 5/2/89, Georgia (Elliott)

 

99b. Long-billed Thrasher

song - 3/24/70, Texas (BLB)

 

DISC 3

 

1a. American Pipit

all recordings 7/17/94, Newfoundland (Elliott)

 

1b. Sprague's Pipit

songs 6/8/92, North Dakota (Elliott)

 

2. Bohemian Waxwing

recordings from Alberta (Beck)

 

3. Cedar Waxwing

seese calls - 4/29/65, Ohio (BLB)

bzeee calls - 8/13/88 New York (Elliott)

begging fledglings - 7/25/90, New York (Elliott)

chip calls - 8/13/91, New York (Elliott)

 

4. European Starling

warbled song - 3/29/88, New York (Elliott)

wheezy call-series - 3/27/88, New York (Elliott)

two slurred whistles - New York (Mack)

1st Red-tailed Hawk imitation - New York (Mack)

2nd Red-tailed Hawk imitation - 3/7/88, New York (Elliott)

two sharp alarm calls - New York (Mack)

chatter - New York (Mack)

immature djjjj calls - 5/28/67, Ohio (BLB)

 

5. Blue-winged Warbler

1st two songs - 6/12/88, New York (Elliott)

songs 3 & 4 - 5/13/89, Indiana (Elliott)

two dawnsongs - 5/15/90, New York (Elliott)

calls - 5/25/90, New York (Elliott)

 

6. Golden-winged Warbler

all songs - 5/24/90, New York (Elliott)

1st five calls (chips) - 5/25/57, West Virginia (BLB )

last four calls (zeets) - 8/30/89, New York (Evans)

 

7. Tennessee Warbler

1st three songs - 6/29/89, Quebec (Elliott)

fourth song - 5/20/93, North Dakota (Elliott)

fifth song - 5/24/90, New York (Elliott)

seet calls - 4/94, Texas (Evans)

 

8. Orange-crowned Warbler

songs - 5/31/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

chips - 12/29/89, Georgia (Evans)

 

9. Nashville Warbler

1st two songs - 6/12/89, New York (Elliott

3rd song - 5/15/91, New York (Elliott)

4th and 5th song - 5/17/89, New York (Elliott)

chips - 4/18/89, Arkansas (Elliott)

 

10. Northern Parula

1st two songs - 6/13/95, New York (Elliott)

3rd song - 4/16/95, Kentucky (Elliott)

4th song - 4/16/89, Missouri (Elliott)

5th and 6th songs with calls - 5/14/88, Florida (Elliott)

calls - 4/29/92, Florida (Elliott)

 

11. Yellow Warbler

1st four songs - 5/20/89, New York (Elliott)

5th song - 6/13/89, New York (Elliott)

6th song - 5/88, Michigan (Mack)

7th song - 7/8/92, New York (Elliott)

1st six chips - 7/10/92, New York (Elliott)

chip and trills during interaction - 7/7/90, New York (Elliott)

two zeet calls at end - 4/17/89, Dry Tortugas (Evans)

 

12. Chestnut-sided Warbler

1st two songs - 5/22/91, New York (Elliott)

3rd song - New York (Mack)

4th song - 5/29/92, New York (Elliott)

5th and 6th songs - 6/2/90, New York (Elliott)

loud chip series - 5/30/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

notes given during interaction - 7/10/92, New York (Elliott)

 

13. Magnolia Warbler

songs and calls - all from New York (Elliott)

 

14. Cape May Warbler

1st two songs - 6/3/89, New York (Elliott)

3rd and 4th songs - 5/23/89, New York (Elliott)

5th and 6th songs - 5/17/59, Ohio (BLB)

calls - 4/21/89, Florida (Evans)

 

15. Black-throated Blue Warbler

1st three songs - 6/8/90, New York (Elliott)

4th and 5th songs - 5/89, New York (Mack)

6th song - 6/29/87, Maine (Evans)

tip and tink calls - 7/30/88, New York (Evans)

 

16. Yellow-rumped Warbler

song 1 - 6/2/89, New York (Elliott)

song 2 - 6/22/89, New York (Elliott)

song 3 - 6/2/89, New York (Elliott)

song 4 - 6/19/89, New York (Elliott)

song 5 - 4/23/88, New York (Elliott)

song 6 - 6/8/90, New York (Elliott)

1st series check calls - 5/30/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

tseep calls - no data (Elliott)

 

17. Black-throated Green Warbler

1st three songs - 5/23/89, New York (Elliott)

songs 4 and 5 - 7/23/88, New York (Elliott)

check calls - 5/31/89, New York (Evans)

notes given during interaction, ending with song - 5/17/94, Ohio (BLB )

 

18. Golden-cheeked Warbler

1st two songs - 4/24/62, Texas (BLB)

3rd song with calls - 4/7/91, Texas (Grzybowski)

4th and 5th songs - no data (Benson)

chip calls - 7/31/90, Texas (Grzybowski)

seet calls - 7/29/90, Texas (Grzybowski)

 

19. Blackburnian Warbler

1st two songs - 6/2/89, New York (Elliott)

3rd song - 5/19/89, New York (Elliott)

4th song - 6/22/89, New York (Elliott)

5th song - 6/8/90, New York (Elliott)

6th song - 5/27/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

zeet call series - 6/29/87, Maine (Evans)

tick calls - 6/30/57, Maine (BLB)

 

20. Yellow-throated Warbler

1st two songs - 4/13/89, Missouri (Elliott)

next two songs - 4/21/89, Arkansas (Elliott)

calls - 4/20/89, Arkansas (Elliott)

 

21. Pine Warbler

1st two songs - 4/2/89, South Carolina (Elliott)

next two songs and chip calls - 4/18/89, Arkansas (Elliott)

seet calls - 4/24/89, Florida (Evans)

 

22. Kirtland's Warbler

songs - 6/16/61, Michigan (BLB

calls with song - 5/31/57, Michigan (BLB

 

23. Prairie Warbler

1st two songs - 5/18/88, Kentucky (Elliott)

3rd song - 5/17/88, Kentucky (Elliott)

4th song - 5/15/89, Virginia (Elliott)

5th song - 5/13/89, Indiana (Elliott)

calls - 4/14/89, Dry Tortugas (Evans)

 

24. Palm Warbler

1st two songs - 5/31/88, Michigan (Elliott)

next two songs - 6/8/94, Michigan (Mack)

calls - 8/87, Minnesota (Evans)

 

25. Bay-breasted Warbler

1st four songs - 6/3/89, New York (Elliott)

next three songs with calls - 5/8/89, North Carolina (Elliott)

calls - 9/6/90, New York (Evans)

 

26. Blackpoll Warbler

1st two songs - 7/3/89, Quebec (Elliott)

next two songs - 6/22/89, New York (Elliott)

chips - 6/25/87, New York (Evans)

 

27. Cerulean Warbler

all recordings - 5/15/88, Kentucky (Elliott)

 

28. Black-and-white Warbler

1st song series (two birds countersinging) - 5/25/89, New York, (Elliott)

single 3-parted song - 5/8/89, North Carolina (Elliott)

two complex songs - 6/19/89, New York (Elliott)

calls - 7/17/94, Newfoundland (Elliott)

 

29. American Redstart

song 1 - 5/30/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

song 2 - 6/9/90, New York (Elliott)

song 3 - 5/29/92, New York (Elliott)

song 4 - 5/28/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

song 5 - 6/9/90, New York (Elliott)

song 6 - 5/28/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

song 7 - 6/9/90, New York (Elliot)

chip calls - 5/10/64, Ohioa (BLB )

tip calls - 6/1/89, New York (Evans)

 

30. Prothonotary Warbler

1st three songs - 5/20/88, Missouri (Elliott)

next two songs with calls - 4/25/89, Florida (Elliott)

tink calls at end - 5/2/91, Kentucky (Elliott)

 

31. Worm-eating Warbler

1st three songs - 4/30/91, Kentucky (Elliott)

next two songs - 5/3/96, Ohio (Elliott)

chip calls - 6/3/62, Ohio (BLB)

zeet calls - 4/89, Florida (Evans)

 

32. Swainson's Warbler

songs - 5/1/92, Florida (Elliott)

 

33. Ovenbird

song 1 - 5/26/89, New York (Elliott)

song 2 - 6/11/88, New York (Elliott)

song 3 - 5/8/89, Tennessee (Elliott)

flight song - 6/8/94, Michigan (Mack)

chew call series - 7/10/92, New York (Elliott)

calls given during interaction - 5/25/90, New York (Elliott)

 

34. Northern Waterthrush

songs - 5/20/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

calls - 8/87, Minnesota (Evans)

 

35. Louisiana Waterthrush

1st two songs - 4/5/89, Kentucky (Elliott)

3rd and 4th songs - 4/16/95, Kentucky (Elliott)

extended song and calls - 7/7 to 7/10/90, New York (Elliott)

 

36. Kentucky Warbler

1st two songs - 4/30/91, Kentucky (Elliott)

next two songs - 4/21/89, Arkansas (Elliott)

calls - 4/30/91, Kentucky (Elliott)

 

37. Connecticut Warbler

songs - 5/31/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

 

38. Mourning Warbler

1st three songs - 5/27/89, New York (Elliott)

next two songs - 5/31/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

calls - 7/30/88, New York (Evans)

 

39. Common Yellowthroat

song 1 - 5/29/90, New York (Elliott)

song 2 - 5/3/90, New York (Elliott)

song 3 - 5/19/90, New York (Elliott)

song 4 - 5/88, Florida (Mack)

flight song - 5/28/90, New York (Elliott)

first four calls - 5/17/89, New York (Elliott)

next four calls - 7/22/90, New York (Elliott)

rattle - 5/12/73, Ohio - (BLB )

call series at end - 7/21/90, New York (Elliott)

 

40. Hooded Warbler

songs - 5/3/92, Florida (Elliott)

calls - 4/12/96, Texas (Evans)

 

41. Wilson's Warbler

1st three songs - July, Maine (BLB)

next two songs - 5/30/94, Minnesota (Mack)

calls - 7/17/94, Newfoundland (Elliott)

 

42. Canada Warbler

1st two songs - 6/12/88, New York (Elliott)

3rd and 4th songs - 6/2/90, New York (Elliot)

calls with two songs - New York (Elliott)

chit call series - 7/4/88, New York (Evans)

zeet and chits at end with song - 7/25/90, New York (Elliott)

 

43. Yellow-breasted Chat

recordings 5/6/88, Florida (Elliott)

 

44. Summer Tanager

1st two songs - 4/21/89, Arkansas (Elliott)

3rd song - 5/12/88, Florida (Elliott)

dawnsong - 6/16/90, Virginia (Elliott)

calls - 4/20/89, Arkansas (Elliott)

 

45. Scarlet Tanager

two typical songs - 5/13/89, Indiana (Elliott)

dawnsong with calls - 7/31/89, New York (Elliott)

chick-bree calls - 5/25/90, new York (Elliott)

sweeet calls - 5/20/84, Ohio (BLB)

 

46. Northern Cardinal

1st two songs - 4/13/89, Missouri (Elliott)

song 3 - 4/21/89, Arkansas (Elliott)

song 4 - 3/22/88, New York (Elliott)

song 5 - 5/6/87, New York (Elliott)

song 6 - 4/19/87, New York (Elliott)

1st series of chips - 5/7/88, Florida (Elliott)

next few chips - 8/19/90, New York (Elliott)

chip-kwuts and courtship sounds at end - 3/14/89, Florida (Elliott)

 

47a. Rose-breasted Grosbeak

two typical songs - 5/26/88, Illinois (Elliott)

continuous song - 6/27/92, New York (Elliott)

three chink calls - 8/12/90, New York (Elliott)

two teeyoo calls - 8/9/90, New York (Elliot)

two more immature calls with chatter - 7/10/92, New York (Elliott)

weep calls at end - 8/18/90, New York (Evans)

 

47b. Black-headed Grosbeak

all recordings 6/4/92, North Dakota (Elliott)

 

48. Blue Grosbeak

songs - 7/11/89, South Carolina (Elliott)

calls - 8/30/89, Alabama (Evans)

 

49. Indigo Bunting

1st two songs - 7/29/89, New York (Elliott)

3rd song - 5/23/88, Missouri (Elliott)

4th song - 5/213/89, Indiana (Elliott)

chips - 7/15/89, Pennsylvania (Elliott)

zeeets - 7/29/89, New York (Elliott)

 

50. Painted Bunting

all recordings - 5/26/94, Oklahoma (Elliott)

 

51. Dickcissel

1st two songs - 5/24/94, Kansas (Elliott)

all other songs and chip calls - 6/18/93, Missouri (Elliott)

bzzrt calls (two recordings) - 4/22/94, Texas (Evans)

 

52. Olive Sparrow

1st three songs - 4/14/62, Texas (BLB)

last two songs - no data (Benson)

 

53. Eastern Towhee

1st two songs - 4/26/87, New York (Elliott)

3rd song - 5/17/89, New York (Elliott)

4th song - 4/2/89, South Carolina (Elliott)

5th song - 4/30/90, New York (Elliott)

6th song - 3/5/89, Florida (Elliott)

songs 7 & 8 - 6/6/92, North Dakota (Elliott)

three chewinks - 4/3/90, New York (Elliott)

two tawees - 3/23/89, Florida (Elliott)

chips and whines at end - 6/6/92, North Dakota (Elliott)

 

54. Bachman's Sparrow

songs and calls - 5/14/88, Florida (Elliott)

 

55a. Botteri's Sparrow

songs - 7/19/68, Arizona (BLB)

calls - 7/22/69, Arizona (BLB)

 

55b. Cassin's Sparrow

songs - 7/22/69, Arizona (BLB)

 

56. Rufous-crowned Sparrow

song and calls - 5/27/94, Oklahoma (Elliott)

 

57. American Tree Sparrow

song series - 4/13/56, Ohio (BLB)

tseet calls - 12/29/92, New York (Elliot)

 

58. Chipping Sparrow

1st two songs - 5/26/88, Illinois (Elliott)

3rd song - 5/4/90, New York (Elliott )

chip series - 8/3/90, Michigan (Elliott)

high seets - 5/4/90, New York (Elliott)

dawnsong series - 7/12/92, New York (Elliott)

 

59. Clay-colored Sparrow

1st two songs - 6/7/92, North Dakota (Elliott)

songs 3,4, & 5 - 6/15/92, Alberta (Elliott)

calls - 6/12/92, North Dakota (Elliott)

 

60. Field Sparrow

1st song - 5/3/90, New York (Elliott)

2nd song - 7/16/89, New York (Elliott)

3rd song - 5/20/88, Kentucky (Elliott)

4th song - 5/26/88, Illinois (Elliott)

complex song series - 6/6/92, North Dakota (Elliott)

calls - 6/8/91, New York (Elliott)

 

61. Vesper Sparrow

1st two songs - 5/29/90, New York (Elliott)

songs 3 & 4 - 4/27/93, North Dakota (Elliott)

flight song - 7/30/93, Maine (Wells)

calls - 6/3/89, New York (Evans)

 

62. Lark Sparrow

song series with calls - 4/18/62, Texas (BLB)

seep calls at end - 4/94, Texas (Evans)

 

63. Lark Bunting

all recordings - 6/15 to 6/16/92, Alberta (Elliott)

 

64. Savannah Sparrow

1st two songs (with call) - 7/12/92, New York (Elliott)

3rd song - 4/28/90, New York (Elliott)

4th song - 67/92, North Dakota (Elliott)

1st call series - 6/24/91, New York (Elliott)

2nd call series - 7/7/92, New York (Elliott)

 

65. Baird's Sparrow

1st three songs - 6/8/92, North Dakota (Elliott)

songs 3 & 4 - 6/12/92, North Dakota (Elliott)

calls - 7/96, North Dakota (Evans)

 

66. Grasshopper Sparrow

three typical songs - 6/2/90, New York (Elliott)

two complex songs - 7/10/92, New York (Elliott)

tsip call series - 5/24/70, Ohio (BLB)

seee calls at end - 4/90, Alabama (Evans)

 

67. Henslow's Sparrow

1st three songs - 7/28/91, New York (Elliott)

next three songs withcalls - 6/18/93, Missouri (Elliott)

calls with songs at end - 7/28/91, new York (Elliott )

 

68. LeConte's Sparrow

four typical songs - 6/3/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

three abbreviated songs - 6/10/92, North Dakota (Elliott)

seee calls at end - 10/95, Oklahoma (Evans)

 

69. Saltmarsh Sharp-tailed Sparrow

whisper song - 7/20/77, New York - (Greenlaw)

female chic calls - 8/5/77, New York (Greenlaw)

 

70. Nelson's Sharp-tailed Sparrow

1st three songs - 5/21/93, Minnesota (Elliott)

last two songs - 6/11/93, North Dakota (Elliott)

 

71. Seaside Sparrow

1st two songs - 6/17/90, Delaware (Elliott)

songs 3-5 - 5/11/88, Florida (Elliott)

flightsong - 6/4/84, New York (Greenlaw)

tuck calls - 3/20/59, Florida (BLB)

female whinny - 7/19/77, New York (Greenlaw)

chew calls - 5/11/88, Florida (Elliott)

 

72. Fox Sparrow

1st song - 6/29/89, Quebec (Elliott)

songs 2 & 3 - 6/31/89, Quebec (Elliott)

songs 4 & 5 - 7/21/94, Quebec (Mack)

calls - no date, New York (Elliott)

 

73. Song Sparrow

songs - 6/19/89, New York (Elliott)

chimp calls - 7/28/91, New york (Elliott)

high tsip calls - 6/19/89, New York (Elliott)

seet calls at end - 8/18/90, New York (Elliott)

 

74. Lincoln's Sparrow

songs - 5/24/89, New York (Elliott)

1st call series - 5/89, New York (Mack)

calls at end - 6/3/89, New York (Evans)

 

75. Swamp Sparrow

1st two songs - 6/2/89, New York (Elliott)

3rd song - 4/22/90, New York (Elliott)

4th song - 6/24/89, New York (Elliott)

5th song - 4/22/90, New York (Elliott)

calls - 7/21/90, New York (Elliott)

 

76. White-throated Sparrow

1st two songs - 6/8/89, New York (Elliott)

songs 3 & 4 - 6/6/90, New York (Elliott)

chink calls - 6/10/90, New york (Elliott)

high tips - 6/22/89, New York (Elliott)

 

77.White-crowned Sparrow

songs - 5/13/62, Ohio (BLB)

calls - 12/95, Arizona (Evans)

 

78. Dark-eyed Junco

1st three songs - 3/14/90, New York (Elliott)

songs 4 & 5 - 6/21 to 6/22/89, New York (Elliott)

song 6 - 4/5/87, New york (Elliott)

song 7 - 4/2/88, New York (Elliott)

tick calls - 4/23/92, Ontario (Elliott)

zeets and double-chips - 5/6/89, New York (Mack)

tew-tew call series - 4/29/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

 

79a. Chestnut-collared Longspur

songs and most calls - 5/15/93, North Dakota (Elliott)

chatters at end with song - 6/10/92, North Dakota (Elliott)

 

79b. Snow Bunting

calls of winter flock - 2/5/88, New York (Elliott)

subsong - 3/89, New York (Evans)

 

80. Bobolink

1st two songs - 6/8/91, New York (Elliott)

3rd song - 6/14/89, New York (Elliott)

flight buzz - 5/24/90, New York (Elliott)

nine male calls - 7/7 to 7/8/92, New York (Elliott)

5 quipts and pink calls - 7/7/90, New York (Elliott)

 

81. Red-winged Blackbird

1st three songs - 4/5/89, Kentucky (Elliott)

song 4 - 5/4/90, New York (Elliott)

song 5 - 5/12/88, Florida (Elliott)

song 6 - 2/2/89, Louisiana (Elliott)

two female songs - 5/25/89, New York (Elliott)

three loud tsk calls - 5/4/90, New york (Elliott)

outburst of tsk calls - 5/29/92, New York (Elliott)

two metallic calls - 5/4/90, New York (Elliott)

high chips (some paired) - 4/30/92, Florida (Elliott)

1st three male alarm whistles - 5/23/87, New York (Elliott)

next four alarm whistles - 7/1/87, New York (Elliott)

last two burry alarm whistles - 6/2/88, Michigan (Elliott)

 

82. Eastern Meadowloark

1st two songs - 3/15/89, Florida (Elliott)

songs 3 & 4 - 5/23/88, Missouri (Elliott)

song 5 - 5/21/88, Missouri (Elliott)

song 6 - 3/15/89, Florida (Elliott)

two sputters - 3/15/89, Florida (Elliott)

two dzert calls and sputter - 5/23/88, Missouri (Elliott)

 

83. Western Meadowlark

1st two songs - 6/7/92, North Dakota (Elliott)

next two songs - 6/2/92, Nebraska (Elliott)

four chupp calls - 6/6/92, North Dakota (Elliott)

two female rattles - 6/7/92, North Dakota (Elliott)

two male rolls - 6/2/92, Nebraska (Elliott)

flight song - 4/18/94, Colorado (Mack)

 

84. Yellow-headed Blackbird

1st song series (musical songs and buzzes) - 4/20/93, Nebraska (Elliott)

2nd song series (two musical songs) - 6/11/92, North Dakota (Elliott)

quit calls - 6/4/92, Nebraska (Elliott)

raspy call series - 6/11/92, North Dakota (Elliott)

 

85a. Rusty Blackbird

1st eight songs with calls - 4/16/90, New York (Elliott)

sounds of small flock - 10/7/92, New York (Elliott

 

85b. Brewer's Blackbird

all recordings 6/2/93, Manitoba (Elliott)

 

86. Great-tailed Grackle

songs and calls- 4/94, Texas (Evans)

 

87. Boat-tailed Grackle

1st two songs - 2/2/89, Louisiana (Elliott)

3rd song ending with buzz - 5/12/88, Florida (Elliott)

1st call series - 2/2/89, Louisiana (Elliott)

next call series with songlike outburst - 5/11/88, Florida (Elliott)

rapid series of melodic notes - 3/13/89, Florida (Elliott)

two buzzy outbursts at end - 5/12/88, Florida (Elliott)

 

88. Common Grackle

1st song - 5/25/88, Illinois (Elliott)

2nd song - 5/25/89, New York (Elliott)

next series of songs - 4/16/90, New York (Elliott)

series of songs with soft whistles - 4/25/93, Nebraska (Elliott)

next series of songs - 4/30/92, Florida (Elliott)

chack calls - 6/19/89, New York (Elliott)

brrrt calls and song - 4/21/87, New York (Elliott)

 

89. Brown-headed Cowbird

three male songs - 4/5/88, New York (Elliott)

two male chatters - 5/9/87, New York (Elliott)

two male songs with female chatter - 5/9/87, New York (Elliott)

one female chatter with male song - 4/21/88, New York (Elliott)

1st flight whistle - 5/3/90, New York (Elliott)

last flight whistles - 5/27/94, Oklahoma (Elliott)

 

90. Orchard Oriole

1st two songs - 5/11/88, Florida (Elliott)

song 3 - 4/22/89, Louisiana (Elliott)

song 4 - 4/20/89, Arkansas (Elliott)

song 5 - 5/7/88, Florida (Elliott)

chuk call series - 4/30/91, Kentucky (Elliott)

chuk-see, whistle, and chatter - 5/5/89, South Carolina (Elliott)

 

91a. Baltimore Oriole

calls and 1st song - 5/20/93, North Dakota (Elliott)

song 2 - 5/5/91, New York (Elliott)

song 3 - 5/25/90, New York (Elliott)

song 4 - 5/22/89, New York (Elliott)

song 5 - 6/3/88, Michigan (Elliott)

songs 6 & 7 - 5/2/91, Kentucky (Elliott)

1st recording of calls - 5/22/89, New York (Elliott)

rapid chattering - 7/25/90, New York (Elliott)

immature calls at end - 7/10/90, New York (Elliott)

 

91b. Bullock's Oriole

four songs - 6/30/68, Arizona (BLB)

calls - June, Utah (Colver)

 

92. Pine Grosbeak

four songs and four calls - June, California (Colver)

three calls at end - Alberta (Beck)

 

93. Purple Finch

three typical songs - 6/3/89, New York (Elliott)

extended song - 6/12/89, New York (Elliott)

"vireo song" sequence - 3/14/90, New York (Elliott)

pik calls - 12/8/91, New York (Elliott)

 

94. House Finch

1st three songs - 6/25/90, New York (Elliott)

songs 2-3 and nasal calls - 5/21/90, New York (Elliott)

seet call series -5/30/89, New York (Elliott)

nasal wheet calls at end - 8/22/89, New York (Elliott)

 

95a. Red Crossbill

1st song series - June, Utah (Colver)

single song - 8/21/61, Maine (BLB)

calls at end - 4/12/70, Ohio (BLB)

 

95b. White-winged Crossbill

songs - 7/18/94, Quebec (Mack)

various calls - 5/89, New York (Mack)

 

96a. Common Redpoll

all recordings - no data (Beck)

 

96b. Pine Siskin

song series - 6/29/89, Quebec (Elliott)

calls - 3/31/90, New York (Elliott)

 

97. American Goldfinch

flight calls - 8/15/89, New York (Elliott)

1st three short songs - 8/17/89, New York (Elliott)

fourth song - 6/2/92, Nebraska (Elliott)

group singing - 5/13/89, Indiana (Elliott)

two su-weet calls - 7/25/89, New York (Elliott)

third su-weet and bay-bee calls - 7/12/92, New York (Elliott)

chip-pee calls at end - 8/31/90, New York (Elliott)

 

98. Evening Grosbeak

all recordings - 2/28/88, New York (Elliott)

 

99. House Sparrow

1st 16 cheep calls - 7/16/89, New York (Elliott)

series of wavering cheeps, ch-wit-its, and chus - 5/27/90, New York (Elliott)

sputter calls at end - 7/29/89, New York (Elliott)

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